Introduction: Inclusion Begins with Ethical Engagement   In clinical research, the term “vulnerable populations” describes individuals who may be at risk of coercion, manipulation, or harm due to limited autonomy, health literacy, socioeconomic disadvantage, or institutional dependence. Examples include individuals with cognitive limitations, students or employees under authority, people with limited language proficiency, or those experiencing social or economic marginalizat

In clinical research for medical devices and wearable technologies, data quality is everything . Regulatory clearance depends not just on whether a study was conducted, but on whether the data generated is regulator-ready, reproducible, and scientifically defensible . Yet not all Service Providers (formally known as Clinical Research Organizations (CROs)) bring the same level of expertise, infrastructure, or dedicated staff to ensure that outcome.  Sponsors sometimes face a d